Corvallis Gazette-Times from Corvallis, Oregon • 7

Before 1967, when the constitution was amended, the formula for initiative signatures was 8 per cent of the number -of people voting for Supreme Court justice in the previous election. Basing the required number of signatures on any percentage obviously makes it more difficult for prospective citizen lawmakers as the state's population goes up. In 1914, the number of signatures required was 10,098 for both statutes and By Glnny Burdick -Of The Associated Press SALEM Do you have a dream? Or a gripe? If you do and can find 53,311 people who agree with you by July 5, you can get a measure on the November ballot to amend the Oregon Constitution. Only 39,983 eligible voters need sign their names to get a proposed law on the ballot. So far this year, IS people or groups have exercised their right to take the law into their own hands.

They have filed preliminary initiative petitions ia the State Elections Division and now are gathering signatures. initiatives on the ballot, and 41 of those were passed. in the last 30 years, there have been only 37 initiatives on the ballot, 15 of those becoming law. 1 One reason for the dramatic decline may be that It's more difficult for a single citizea or group to gather the signatures required to get a measure on the ballot. The number required for a law is 6 per cent of the total number of votes cast for governor at the previous election in which a governor was elected to a four-year term.

The number for a constitutional amendment is 8 per cent. Some of the initiatives would: Tighten Oregon's drug laws, increasing penalties for marijuana activities. Establish a six-year moratorium on the construction of nuclear plants. Expand veterans' loan eligibility. Permit lotteries for charitable or public perposes.

Lower the drinking age to 19. Cut back on permits for deer and elk hunting. Protect the rainbow trout as a game Limit expenses by legislators and limit the powers of legislative interim committees. The prop'sects of getting' these measures or any others on the ballot are bleak nowadays. The chance of passage is evea more remote.

From 1966 to 1972, 65 preliminary initiative petitions were filed with the secretary of state. Only six of those generated enough signatures to be placed on the ballot. Only three became law: The Scenic Waterways Act and constitutional amendments repealing the governor's pension and changing the line of succession to the governorship. But earlier in the state's history, initiatives were a commanding political force, crowding ballots year after year. Oregon became the first state in the nation to adopt the initiative along with the referendum, in 1902.

The grass roots measures have reflected practically every citizen con- cern from taxation to election procedures to social changes. Women got the vote through initiative. An equal suffrage measure passed in 1912 after being defeated at the polls in 1906, 1908 and 1910. Voters abolished the death penalty by initiative in 1914, repealed Sunday closure laws in 1916 and repealed the income tax in 1924. Hood River County was created by initiative in 1908.

In the next election, there were initiatives on the ballot to create six new counties, but all of those failed. Rot ween 1902 and 1943, there were 178 constitutional amendments. In 1972, the number required was and still is for constitutional amendments and .19.984 for statutes. Perhaps that explains why 21 initiatives made it to the ballot In 1914 and only three did in 1972. Prices good Sunday May 19 through Tuesday May 21 a re Proud Fabric Centers Delinquency Blamed On Social System to Introduce the New Line of Creative vmndetUa) CREATIVE NEE0LECRAFTS Stitchery, At Uw, Low Prices! answers are examined, from about one-fifth to one-third are afraid of school halls and school yards.

"For teen-agers who spend most of their day at school', one must conclude that if perceptions of danger is a measure of the quality of their lives, "then'thelr report is that the quality is "not only inferior but also threatening." The study was commissioned by the law enforcement assistance administra-tion, a unit of the Justice Department. The three sociologists who conducted the study were Drs. Michael Lalli, Leonard Savitz and Lawrence Rosen. The professors used a probability sample of over 500 black and 500 white boys attending school in Philadelphia and interviews with their mothers. The findings of the sociologists included the following: Social stability of family life interaction between father and son and income where major factors affecting delinquency.

These were found to be more important than makeup of the family, and represented a refutation of the belief of some sociologists that tt broken particularly "among blacks, lead to delinquency. Youths and their mothers who limited their educational goals to high school had higher delinquency rates than those who wanted to go to college. Nearly half the black households reported that they had been victims of a crime such as burglary, assault, robbery or sexual assault. 1 While schoolchildren tended to fear routes to and from school and areas farther away from home, more adults expressed fear of their neighborhoods and areas closer to Rome, including the home itself. Whites thought their neighborhoods and schools to be far less dangerous than did the blacks.

Members of gangs appeared to gain "positive personal and psychologleal advantage from such affiliations." The gang member was found to be "less than victim of a criminal act. He produces lower fear levels. He operates with fewer constraints on his everyday' life and is less likely to restrict his life-style as a consequence of his fear of crime. This pattern holds for both black and white youth." Commenting on the major goal of their study the sociologists said the principal task was to gain some understanding of why some boys took paths that led to dif-ficulty with the law while others followed more conventional roads. By The New York Times WASHINGTON An extensive study of city life and delinquency has placed the blame for delinquency on the American social system.

Among the conclusions of the three-year study by three sociologists from Temple -University in Philadelphia released recently, was that the fear of danger and violence, on the way to and from school as well as in the school building, led to truancy and subsequently to delinquency in boys. The sociologists recommended raising the quality of life for the poor through some form of guaranteed income as a possible solution to the over-tall problem. They also urged school officials to look at truancy more seriously and increase the patrolling of school areas, including routes to and from school. The study said, as expected, that less delinquency was found among boys from middle class, middle income homes with stable family life. The sociologists con-.

eluded: "It is difficult to see bow certain deficiencies might be easily remedied. -Lower class families, broken or Intact, with little income; lack the resources and authority to maintain adequate social control over their children, especially in light of our findings regarding criminal victimization, fear of crime and quality of life. "Income maintenance and improved neighborhood life seem to be reasonable recommendations, although, of course they are not novel ideas." The 368-page study found that both black and white pupils expressed fear of being beaten or "The further and perhaps not too sur- prising fact is that the schools attended by blacks and the streets they have to travel are viewed as extremely the study said. "When close to half the black boys and one-fourth of the whites view the streets to and from school as extremely dangerous and one out of five black youths even says the school room is a dangerous place, then it must be admitted that the problem is reaching immense proportions and any number of possible solutions, politically popular or not, must be tried if the education of these children is going to have a fair chance to succeed. "The perceptions of white boys are somewhat better, but even when their i ki I ifli 4 05237 "Mushrooms" 05238 'Viotots'V 05236 "Geraniums' 05152 "Owl" 05154 "Tulips" fe W-r7( lr o5o4o i 05060 "Kitchen" 05064 "God Bloss Our Homo" A C-.

iPf 05256 "Field Howers" 05257 "Strowberrios" Stitchery Ol I Ol t0 W- -f' Value $10 ,0 2-98 oach teO ifSvl i 33 lo $44i; 6 fj Up $2'98t oU98 aeach- 4, SSJVti" i1 1 HLTt" 'Vs 4 C0048 rom an soloctioir of ititchery, needlepoint picturei and pillowt, (v df'-T; 1 fi ond Quickpoint. Great new fun deiignj like muhroom, tompleri and onimali. 'JMjy --'jSII Yl I 11 Aoilobl Fobic Stctwmf 05012 "Mushrooms" 05015 "Roses" Aftf! fe 1 fk i -V mtwi I In The Service Roger T. Rictor enlisted in the Air Force and after basic training at Lackland AFB, will be trained as a missile mechanic at a school on Chanute AFB, 01., or Shep-pard AFB, Tex. He is the son of Mr.

and Mrs. Aaron Rictor of Corvallis and a graduate of Crescent Valley High School. School. Radioman 3.C. Michael W.

Nason of Philomath is aboard the Coast Guard Cutter Campbell which left Portland, for itsggw home port at Port Angeles, Wash. The ship will make stops in Florida, Panama, Colombia, Mexico and California before reaching Washington state. The ship has search and rescue missions and law enforcement and 'fisheries patrols. Nason is a 1971 graduate of Philomath High School and joined the Coast Guard in April 1972. Specializing in the mechanical field in the Air Force is Joe C.

Hall, who enlisted April 26 and is in basic training at Lackland AFB, Tex. He is the son of Mr. and Mrs. Cline E. Hall of Philomath and a 1973 graduate of Philomath High School.

Pvt. Charles R. Alexander, 17, completed Army basic training at Ft. Jackson, S.C.. He is the son of Mr.

and Mrs. Virgil G. Alexander, Route 1, Monroe. Sprinkler Inquiry Due Tuesday SALEM (AP) A legislative inquiry into' operations of the State Fire Marshal's office will, begin Tuesday at the first meeting of a special committee. The investigation was asked by the State Emergency Board after some of its members said they want to know if the fire marshal is ordering sprinkler systems in public buildings even though the systems are unnecssary.

McCall dairies Chain Broker Man In D.C. SALEM (AP) Gov. Tom McCall appointed Portland chain broker Stanley V. Sparks on Friday to serve as his representative in Washington, D.C. Sparks succeeds Dale Mallicoat, who resigned to become McCall 's representative on the Pacific Northwest Regional Economic Development Commission.

Sparks, 38, formerly was an economist with the State Economic Development Division, serving as the division's first manager between 1967 and 1972. He was a special representative for trade negotiations under President John F. Kennedy and also served as an assistant to the secretary of state in the Eisenhower administration. His appointment becomes effective June 1. Cortez A.

Proctor has been promoted to the rank of major in the Air Force. He is an aeronautically rated senior pilot, serving at Randolph AFB, Tex. He is the son of Air Force M. Sgt. (retired) and Mrs.

H.C. Moore of 930 New Meadow View, Corvallis. Craig A. Ray enlisted in the Air Force Officer Training School at Lackland AFB, Tex. After his training he will be commissioned a second lieutenant and assigned to a civilian university for graduate work in meteorology.

Craig is the husband of Mrs. Minica Ray of Corvallis and a March 1974 graduate of Oregon State University. Graduating A Corvallis studentJoyce L. Kirk, was to be graduated with a bachelor degree in education from the University of Wisconsin at Eau Clair today. She is the daughter of Mr.

and Mrs. Dale E. Kirk, 8150 NW Mitchell Drive and majored in. and elementary school education. Oliver L.

Price enlisted in the Air Force under the job and promotion guarantee program. He is taking basic training at Lackland AFB, Tex. He then will be promoted to airman -first class and will attend a 17-week electrical power production course at Sheppard AFB, Tex. He is the son of Mr. and Mrs.

Anson E. Price of Monmouth and a 1972 graduate of Philomath High School..